Lithium and lead acid batteries are the two most prevalent types of deep cycle batteries. Lead acid batteries may be further divided into sealed lead acid (SLA) batteries, which are maintenance-free, and flooded lead acid (FLA), which needs frequent watering and maintenance. Gel batteries and absorbent glass mat (AGM) batteries are within the SLA subcategory.

While most deep cycle lithium-ion batteries are pretty similar, there are two varieties whose cathodes are made of different materials (positive terminals). Lithium NMC batteries, which employ nickel, magnesium, and cobalt, are one type; LiFePO4 batteries, which use lithium iron phosphate, are another. They are referred to as LFP batteries.

Factors to consider in buying your deep cycle batteries

Voltage

How much power the battery can output at once is correlated with voltage. Voltages of 6V, 12V, and 24V are typical. While battery banks for residential energy storage can be composed of numerous low-voltage batteries linked in series to bring the total voltage to 24V or 48V, a 12V battery is frequently used alone for mobile applications.

Capacity

A battery’s capacity, or amp-hours, indicates how much energy it can store and provide. This discharge rate is calculated for deep cycle batteries over 20 hours. A 100-ah battery, for instance, can give no more power after 20 hours of discharging at a rate of 5 amps.

Depth of Discharge

The depth of discharge (DoD) identifies the maximum capacity that can be used without endangering the battery. Yes, some batteries tease you with powers higher than you can safely use. 

For FLA batteries to last the longest, it is recommended that you discharge them to at most 50% of their capacity. An FLA battery’s internal plates may sustain irreversible damage in the event of an intense discharge. It is advised to drain these batteries at most 20% of their capacity.

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